Stiboestrol and two analogues of triphenylethylene, (trichlorophenylethylene (Gynosome) and trimethylphenylethylene) entered clinical trials for advanced breast
Mechanism of Action of Aromatase Inhibitors and Tamoxifen
It should be noted that evidence suggests that patients with estrogen receptor
Even the phenomenon of resistance to tamoxifen in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells is believed to involve EMT as one of the mechanism 13,14,15,16,17
Tamoxifen blocks the effects of estrogen on hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells by sitting in the estrogen receptors on the cells
It binds to an estrogen receptor on a cell
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the frontline therapy for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer in premenopausal women that interrupts ER signaling
This review summarizes the roles of ER as the
Potential mechanisms for tamoxifen resistance include loss or alteration in estrogen receptor or other transcription factors and altered tamoxifen pharmacology
A metabolic-epigenetic mechanism directs cell fate and therapeutic sensitivity in breast cancer Cancer Res