Tamoxifen results in a spectrum of abnormalities involving the genital tract, the most significant being an increased incidence of endometrial cancer and uterine However, tamoxifen increases the risk of endometrial cancer (EC) by about 2–7 fold, and more aggressive types of EC with poor prognoses are observed in tamoxifen users
Risk of Endometrial Polyp, Endometrial Hyperplasia, Endometrial Cancer, Other Uterine Cancers, and Combined Results According to the Duration of Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen, which is used to treat and prevent breast cancer , is associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer related to the estrogenic effect of
However, few studies have produced reliable risk estimates by duration, dose, and recency of use, or
Cancer of the endometrium is characterized by the presence of cancer cells in the lining of the uterus (or womb), or endometrium
It binds to an estrogen receptor on a cell
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the frontline therapy for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer in premenopausal women that interrupts ER signaling
(1) Background: The pandemic led to significant healthcare disruptions, resulting in postponed surgeries and extended waiting times for non-urgent treatments
While the drug can successfully prevent breast cancer for many, it can also increase the risk of stroke, uterine cancer or blood clotting issues in others
Hormone therapy can block or lower the amount of hormones in the body to stop or slow down the growth of cancer
The surgeon may also remove the omentum and biopsy any abnormal tissues inside the abdomen at the time of surgery
5 The standard agents were progestins, and megestrol acetate is FDA-approved for treatment of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer
8 Patients undergoing treatment with tamoxifen are at Women with a normal body-mass index (BMI) have a 3% lifetime risk of endometrial cancer, but for every 5-unit increase in the BMI, the risk of cancer increases by more than 50% ( Figure 1 )
Tamoxifen is indicated for the treatment of breast cancer in a variety of settings
However, it can also act as a pro-estrogen agonist in a low estradiol environment
It can also be taken by men who have breast cancer
When cancer grows in this lining, it is called Tamoxifen had been used by 24% of patients with subsequent endometrial cancer and 20% of controls (relative risk 1
3 (0
Due to the popularity of postoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer, chemotherapy-induced early menopause in women with breast cancer on tamoxifen treatment needs more attention, because these women have higher risk for
The endometrium is the innermost lining of the uterus
If tamoxifen is in the receptor, estrogen can’t attach to the cancer cell and the cell doesn’t receive estrogen’s signals to grow and multiply
Hormone Therapy for Endometrial Cancer
The relationship between tamoxifen treatment of breast cancer (BC) and the risk of EC is controversial and there is no agreement between publication results on this issue (the
" Introduction: Hormonal therapy in endometrial cancer (EC) is used for patients who wish to preserve fertility and for patients with advanced or recurrent disease in a palliative setting